A Belgian court found Abdeslam guilty of attempted murder in a "terrorist context", a spokesman for the Brussels prosecutor confirmed, CNN reported.
Abdeslam was involved in a confrontation with police in the Forest suburb of Brussels in March 2016, four months after the attacks on a Paris concert hall and restaurants left 130 people dead.
His co-defendant Sofien Ayari also received a 20-year sentence.
Abdeslam, a Belgian-born French national, was arrested three days after the shootout, in which four police officers were injured. Police found him in Molenbeek, another area of the Belgian capital, where his family live.
Neither of the two accused appeared in court for the verdict.
Abdeslam is in jail in France, where he is awaiting a separate trial over the 2016 Paris attacks.